Back pedaling brake for velocipedes



Oct. 3l,V 1950 E. E. HOOD 2,528,309

BACK PEDALING BRAKE FOR vELocIPEDEs Filed Feb. 2o, 1948 WITNESS 2 TORNE Y Patented Oct. 31,v 1950 ,v 2,528,309 BACK PEDALING BRAKE ron vELooIPEDEs Edwin Elliott Hood, Elmira, N. Y., assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, Elmira Heights, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application February 20, 1948, Serial No. 9,927 o1. 19a-6) 1 Claim. 1

The present invention relates to back pedalling brakes for velocipedes, and more particularly to internally expanding hub brakes therefor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel coaster brake which is efficient and reliable in operation, and simple and economical in construction.

It is another object to provide such a device in i which the same elements serve to perform both the driving and braking functions under the control of a unitary actuating member.

4It is another object to provide such a device including threaded actuating means, the parts of which are interchangeable so as to reduce the total number of different parts required.

It is another object to provide such a device in which substantially the entire available surface of the interior of the hub is utilizedl for both the braking and driving functions, so that the brake operates efficiently and wears. slowly and uniformly.

Further objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the Vaccompanying drawing in which:

Fig, 1 is a side elevation partly broken away and in section of a'preferred embodiment of the invention; v

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a second embodiment of the invention; and

Fig. 3 is a similar View of an embodiment of the invention adapted to be employed in a crank hanger brake.

In Fig. l of the drawing there is illustratedfa fixed axle I which is arranged to be clamped in the forks of the frame of a velocipede, not illustrated, by means of the clamp nuts 2 and 3 threaded thereon. An anchor member 4 is also threaded lon one end of the axle I and is prevented from rotation by an anchor arm 5 which is non-rotatably connected thereto, and is arranged to have its free end attached to the frame of the vehicle in the conventional manner.

A bearing cone 6 is threaded on the opposite end of the axle land is arranged to cooperate with ball bearings'I to form a support for an actuating member 8. Said actuating member'is formed as a hollow threaded shaft rotatably mounted on the axle I, having a drive sprocket 9 flxed thereon. The anchor member andthe actuating member 8 are provided Vwith bearing cone surfaces adapted to cooperate with bearing balls II and I2 respectively which rotatably support the opposite ends of a cylindrical hub `membervl3.

The actuating member 8 is threaded for a portion of' its length as indicated at I4 and has smooth cylindrical portions I5 and I B adjacent the ends of the threaded portion` A pair of nut members I'I and I8 are mounted on the actuating member and arranged to cooperate with the threaded portion I4 thereof. The nuts I1, I8 are provided with cylindrical portions I9, 2l respectively, and flanges 22 and 23 respectively, and a cylindrical member 24 of elastically deformable material such as rubber is arranged to rest at its ends on the cylindrical portions I9, 2I and abut against the flanges 22, 23. An expansible cylindrical brake member of suitable material such as brass or bronze is mounted at its ends on the flanges 22, 23 of the nut members I'I, I8. The brake member surrounds the elastic member 24 so` as to be expanded thereby when the elastic member is compressed between the nut members, and is thereby moved into frictional engagement with theinner cylindrical surface 25 of the hub I3. A sleeve 21 is preferably located within the elastic member 24, in slidable engagement'with the cylindrical portions I9, Y2| of the nut members II, I8 in order to prevent the elastic member from coming into contact with the threaded portion I4 of the actuating member 8.

The nut I'I is provided with clutch teeth 28 arranged to engage similar clutch teeth 29 on a flange 32 in the hub I3 when the nut I'I has run oiT theend of the threaded portion I 4 of the actuating member. A spring 3| is located between the nut I'I and the ange 32 and Serves to urge the nut member toward the threaded portion I4 of the actuating member. Spring 3| also providesV a light frictional drag connection between the nut I7 and the hub I3.

The nut I8v is provided with clutch 'teeth 33 arranged'to engage similar clutch teeth 34 on the anchor member 4 when said nut has run off the end of the threaded portion I 4 of the actuating member. A spring 35 is located between the nut I8 andthe anchor member to provide a frictional drag connection between these parts. It also serves to urge the nut I3 into initial engagement with the threaded portion I4 of the actuating member.

In the operation of this embodiment of the invention, rotation of the actuating member 8 in theforward Vdriving direction indicated by the arrow a causes. the nut I8 to thread itself to the rightv on the threaded portion of the actuating member thus moving the elastic member. 24 and nut I'I to the right until the clutch' teeth 28 of nut II engage the clutch teeth 29 of the hub I3. Further forward rotation of the actuating member causes the nut I8 to compress the elastic member 24 so as to expand the cylinder 25 into engagement with the interior of the hub I3 whereupon the hub is clutched to the actuating member and caused to rotate therewith. When the rotation of the actuating member 8 is stopped by the operator, the forward rotation of the hub I3 causes the nut I'I to overrun the actuating member whereby the nut I'I, elastic member 24 and nut I8 are traversed Vback to their original position as illustrated. Backward rotation of the actuating member by the operator causes the nut Il to enter the threaded portion I4 of the actuating member thereby traversing the elastic member 24 and nut I8 further to the left until the clutch teeth 33 of the nut engage the clutch teeth 34 on the anchor member thereby immobilizing the nut I8. rotation of the actuating member 8- causes-the nut Il to compress the elastic member 24, thus expanding the cylinder 25 into frictional engagement with the interior of the hub I3, thereby retarding the rotation of the hub. It would be understood that the initial traversal of the nuts I 'I and I8 for driving and braking purposes is assured by the frictiorial drag of the springs 3l, 35' respectively, while the entry of the nuts on the threaded portion Il is likewise assured by the expansive force of the said springs.

j In the embodiment of the invention illustrated Fig. 2 cone expanding means for the brake and drive member are substituted for the elastic expanding means 24 of Fig. 1l Ylor this purpose, the nuts Il and I8' are formed with conical surfaces I9 and 2i adapted to cooperate with an expansible sleeve 25 which is brought thereby into frictional engagement with the interior of the hub I3. The remaining parts of the brake are the same as illustrated in Fig. 1, and are similarly numbered, and the operation of the brake is the same.

Y In this embodiment it may be deemed desire abley to positively prevent relative rotation bef tween the nut members I'I, I8' and the expanding sleeve 25. rlhis may conveniently he accomplished by means of one or more key members 3S interposed between the sections of `the expansible sleeve 25 having loose sliding engagel ment at their ends in recesses 3l, 38 in the nut members II, I8.

In Fig. 3 there is illustrated a crank hanger brake utilizing the principles of the structure shown more particularly in Fig. 2. As there illustrated,-a `driving axle 4I having cranks 42 and i3 suitablyl xed on the ends thereof is rotatably mounted by means of bearings M and in bearing members 46 and il adapted to be fixedly mounted in the frame membersts, 49 of the vehicle. A cylindrical wheel hub 5 I is rotatably mounted at its ends on the .bearing members 115, 41 by means of bearings 52, 53. The axle 4I is provided with centrally threaded portion 54 and smooth cylindrical portions 55 and 56 adjacent thereto. A nut 51 is mounted on the smooth portion of the axis, and is urged toward the threaded portion 54 by means of a detent spring 58 frictionally bearing on the adjacent ends of the nut 5I and the bearing member 46. The adjacent portions of said nut and bearing member are provided with clutch teeth 59 and 6I respectively, and the spring 58 serves to normally maintain these clutch teeth diseneased.

Further backward A nut 62 is mounted on the smooth portion 56 of the axle and is urged toward the threaded portion 54 by a detent spring t3 which bears frictionally on the nut 62 and on a clutch meinber 64 fixed to the interior of the hub 5I in any suitable manner, as by brazing. The adjacent portions of the nut 62 and clutch member 64 are provided withA clutch teeth 65 and 66 respectively.

The nuts 5l, 62 are provided with conical surfaces S'I and 68, and an expansible sleeve 69 is provided at its ends with corresponding conical surfaces 'II and 'l2 adapted to seat thereon whereby movement of the nuts toward each other causes the sleeve 69 to be cammed out into frictional engagement with the interior of the hub 5I. The sleeve 69 may be in the form of a slotted cylinder, or may be formed as a plurality of segments in order to facilitate the expansion of the sleeve by the nuts.

On the operation of this embodiment of this invention, forward rotation of the axle il in the direction of the arrow b by the cranks 42, 43i causes the nut 5'! to be threaded on the portion 54 oi the axle, thus moving the sleeve 39 and the nut 62 to the right until the nut E52 is clutched to the clutch member 54 and thereby non-rotatably connected to the hub. Further forward rotation of the axle causes the sleeve 69 to be expanded linto engagement with the hub 5i to thereby transmit the rotation of the axle to the hub. When rotation of the axle ceases, the further rotation of the hub causes the nut 5? to be threaded off from the portion of the axle whereby th-e hub is free to overrun. Backward rotation of the axle causes the nut .52 to thread itself on the portion 54 of the axle and thereby move the sleeve 69 with nut 5l to the left until the nut 5I is clutched to the bearing member 4S and thereby immobilized.4 Further backward ro-v tation of the axle causes the sleeve 69 to be expanded into frictional engagement with the hub 5I to thereby retard its rotation. The springs 58 and 63 insure traversal of the nut members 5I and 52 respectively by virtue of the frictional drag of the springs, and further serve by their expansive force to cause the nuts to enter upon the threaded portion 54 of the axle when the axle is rotated in the proper direction.

Although certain vembodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail, it will be understood that other embodiments are possible and that various changes may be made in the design and arrangement of the parts with' out departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

In a back-pedalling brakD for velocipedes, an actuating shaft having a threaded portion' with a smooth portion adjacent each end of the threaded portion, a nut member slidably journalled on each smooth portion of the shaft and having internal threads adapted to mate with the threads of the shaft, a rotatably mounted wheel hub having an internal cylindrical surface surroundingl the shaft and nuts, an expansible cylindrical member slidably mounted on said nuts, a xed abutment for one of Said nuts limiting-the travel thereof away from the threaded portion of the shaft and having clutch vneans cooperating therewith to immobilizesaid nut when engaged therewith after disengaging from said threaded portion, an abutment in said hub for the other of said nuts limiting the travel thereof away from the threaded portion of theshaft andhaving clutch means cooperating therewith to lock said other nut to the hub when engaged there:4

y the hub.

5 with after disengagement from the threads of the actuating shaft, springs located between each of said nuts and its abutment forming a frictional coupling therebetween and also serving to cause the nut to enter upon the threads of the shaft when said shaft is rotated in the proper direction, and means actuated by compression between the nuts for expanding said cylindricalV member into frictional engagement with the interior of E. ELLIOTT HOOD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number Number 6 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Hurck Jan. 27, 1903 Smith Oct. 31, 1905 Olsen Nov. 8, V192'? Sayles June 24, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France Dec. 20, 1905 

